Raising chickens for both eggs and meat—also known
as dual-purpose
poultry farming—is a practical and rewarding homesteading or
small farm project. Here's a clear step-by-step guide to help you get started:
1. Choose the Right Breed
Dual-Purpose Breeds (Good for Both Eggs and Meat):
· Rhode Island Red – Hardy, good
layers, good meat.
· Plymouth Rock – Friendly,
reliable layers, good carcass.
· Orpington – Large, docile,
great for meat and decent egg layers.
· Sussex – Calm, good egg
production, quality meat.
· Australorp – Excellent layers,
decent meat birds.
2. Set Up Housing (Coop
and Run)
Coop Requirements:
· Space: 3–4 sq ft per bird
inside the coop.
· Ventilation: Keep air flowing to
reduce moisture and ammonia.
· Roosts: 8–10 inches per
bird.
· Nesting Boxes: 1 box per 3–4 hens.
Run (Outdoor Area):
· Space: 8–10 sq ft per
bird.
· Protection: Fence to keep out
predators (bury fence 6–12 inches deep).
3. Feeding Chickens
Starter Feed:
· For chicks (0–6 weeks), high-protein starter feed (20–24%).
Grower Feed:
· From 6 to 16 weeks (16–18% protein).
Layer Feed (For Egg Production):
· 16% protein with added calcium once they begin laying (around
18–20 weeks).
Meat Bird Feed:
· Higher protein (up to 22%) to promote growth.
Extras:
· Grit for digestion.
· Oyster shells for laying hens.
· Fresh water always available.
4. Raising Chicks
· Keep them warm (start at 95°F, decrease 5°F per week).
· Use a brooder with bedding (pine shavings, never cedar).
· Provide constant access to water and starter feed.
5. Egg Production Tips
· Hens typically start laying around 18–22 weeks old.
· Provide 14–16 hours of light daily (artificial light in
winter may help).
· Collect eggs daily.
· Keep nesting boxes clean to avoid dirty or broken eggs.
6. Raising for Meat
· You can harvest dual-purpose chickens around 16–20 weeks,
depending on the breed.
· Meat-specific breeds like Cornish Cross grow
faster (ready in 6–8 weeks), but they're not good for eggs.
· Before processing, withdraw feed 12 hours before but provide
water.
7. Health and Cleanliness
· Keep coop clean and dry.
· Watch for parasites (mites, lice) and diseases (Marek's,
coccidiosis).
· Use natural bedding like straw or pine shavings.
· Clean waterers and feeders regularly.
8. Optional:
Pasture-Raising or Free-Range
· Improves meat and egg quality.
· Reduces feed costs.
· Requires good fencing and predator protection.
9. Seasonal
Considerations
· Winter: Provide shelter,
supplemental heat (if very cold), and light.
· Summer: Ensure shade and
cool water to prevent heat stress.
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